Collaborating with Bolton and Menk/BARR Engineering assessing the cost of using RO/evaporative concentration/crystalization for the removal of sulfate from municipal wastewater for protection of sensitive ecosystems in Northern Minnesota. Collaborating with Dr. Meijun Cai developing treatment technology for removal of sulfate from municipal wastewater using a modified barium sulfate process identified as potentially promising in the Bolton and Menk/Barr work. Collaborating with Dr. Nathan Johnson on assessment of tertiary solids removal technologies for mercury removal from treated municipal wastewaters. Investigating both success of technologies and the secondary problems associated with adding the technologies to an existing treatment plant. Collaborating with Dr. Chan Lan Chun on identification of antibiotic resistant organism distribution in the wastewater treatment collection system with a particular focus on hospitals. Long term interest in small flows water and wastewater treatment issues. Particular interest in passive and low technology treatment systems (pond systems, constructed wetlands systems, septic tank and drainfield systems, high performance onsite wastewater treatment systems. Have performed extensive work on removal of As from drinking water using technologies appropriate for small communities in rural settings.