The objective of Dr. Xu’s research is to discover and understand electrochemical processes at the nanoscale and to develop nanostructured materials with high performance for renewable and clean energy use. Currently, our research interests focus on the energy related electrochemical catalysis at the nanoscale surface. It includes three directions: 1) nanoparticle catalysts for low temperature catalysis in fuel cell reactions; 2) electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; and 3) nanostructured electrodes for batteries